{"id":7219,"date":"2023-07-20T15:16:26","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T12:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/karartmarble.com\/mermerciligin-tarihcesi\/"},"modified":"2023-10-21T23:31:17","modified_gmt":"2023-10-21T20:31:17","slug":"mermerin-tarihcesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/mermerin-tarihcesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Mermerin Tarih\u00e7esi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Zengin mermer ve do\u011fal ta\u015f kaynaklar\u0131na sahip olan Anadolu’da, tarih boyunca \u00e7e\u015fitli uygarl\u0131klar bu zenginli\u011fi kullanarak \u00f6nemli eserler ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Anadolu’da mermer kullan\u0131m\u0131 Hititler d\u00f6neminde ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, Frigler ve \u0130yonyal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan saray, tap\u0131nak ve tanr\u0131 heykellerinin yap\u0131m\u0131nda do\u011fal ta\u015flar kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak mermer, Helenistik D\u00f6nem ve Roma \u0130mparatorluklar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorluklar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde mermer, cami, han, saray ve hamam gibi yap\u0131larda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde Marmara Adas\u0131, Gebze, \u0130zmit, \u0130zmir ve Bilecik b\u00f6lgelerindeki mermer ocaklar\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli miktarda mermer getirilerek \u0130stanbul \u00e7evresindeki eserlerde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cumhuriyetle birlikte ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar nedeniyle mermer \u00fcretimi belirli b\u00f6lgelerde devam etti. Mermer daha \u00e7ok Ziraat Bankas\u0131 \u015fubeleri, demiryolu ve okul in\u015faatlar\u0131 gibi kamu yap\u0131lar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1940’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda An\u0131tkabir’in yap\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle Afyon ve Denizli’de ocaklar a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu mermerler Avrupa’dan getirilen modern makinelerle i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00f6nemli yap\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mezar ta\u015f\u0131, kurna ve tuvalet ta\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 miktarda mermer \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. 1970’li y\u0131llara kadar \u00e7ok yava\u015f bir tempoda ilerleyen sekt\u00f6r, 1970-1980 d\u00f6neminde in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn canlanmas\u0131, 1980’li y\u0131llardan sonra d\u0131\u015f pazarlara a\u00e7\u0131lma, artan i\u00e7 talep ve yat\u0131r\u0131m te\u015fviklerinin devreye girmesi ile h\u0131zl\u0131 bir t\u0131rman\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>

Granit, andezit, trakit, riyolit ve di\u011fer sert ve silisli ta\u015flar yaya trafi\u011finin oldu\u011fu yerlerde ve y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f alanlar\u0131nda zemin kaplamas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Kimyasal maddelere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olduklar\u0131ndan fabrika, at\u00f6lye ve benzeri yerlerde zemin ve duvar kaplamas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yine parke ta\u015flar\u0131 do\u011fal zay\u0131fl\u0131k d\u00fczlemlerinden darbe yoluyla k\u0131r\u0131larak p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc bir y\u00fczey olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kaygan zeminlerde tercih edilirler. Ayr\u0131ca farkl\u0131 renkteki parke ta\u015flar\u0131 bir araya getirilerek dekoratif cephe kaplamas\u0131 olarak da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Parke ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 antik \u00e7a\u011flara kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r. \u00dcretim kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve basitli\u011fi nedeniyle eski \u00e7a\u011flarda insan g\u00fcc\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7eki\u00e7, saban demiri ve benzeri aletler kullan\u0131larak b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda \u00fcretilmi\u015f ve kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle parke ta\u015flar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde eski yap\u0131lar\u0131n restorasyonunda vazge\u00e7ilmez malzemelerdir. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerdeki b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde insanlar\u0131 do\u011faya yakla\u015ft\u0131rma ve yapay malzemeleri daha az kullanma e\u011filimi nedeniyle parke ta\u015flar\u0131 bu \u015fehirlerdeki park, bah\u00e7e ve peyzaj d\u00fczenlemelerinde yo\u011fun olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda 3123 say\u0131l\u0131 Maden Kanunu kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nan mermere yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131m miktar\u0131 her y\u0131l artmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kanun, ocak yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131na uzun vadeli ruhsat garantisi vererek uzun vadeli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 te\u015fvik etmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca fuar organizasyonlar\u0131 ve ihracat te\u015fvikleri ile modern \u00fcretim ve kesim sistemleri \u00fclkemizde kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zengin mermer ve do\u011fal ta\u015f kaynaklar\u0131na sahip olan Anadolu’da \u00e7e\u015fitli uygarl\u0131klar tarih boyunca bu zenginli\u011fi kullanarak \u00f6nemli eserler ortaya koymu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6452,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-karartmarble"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7219\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6452"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karartmarble.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}